Includes bibliographical references and index.

Part I. Key concepts and questions. Well-being and enhancement / Julian Savulescu, Anders Sandberg, and Guy Kahane -- The concept of nature and the enhancement technologies debate / Lisbeth Witthøfft Nielsen -- Enhancement, autonomy, and authenticity / Niklas Juth -- Breaking evolution's chains : the promise of enhancement by design / Russel Powell and Allen Buchanan -- Part II. Cognitive enhancement. Cognition enhancement : upgrading the brain / Anders Sandberg -- The social and economic impacts of cognitive enhancement / Anders Sandberg and Julian Savulescu -- Cognitive enhancing drugs : neuroscience and society / Charlotte R. Housden, Sharon Morein-Zamir, and Barbara J. Sahakian -- Cognitive bias and collective enhancement / Steve Clarke -- Smart policy : cognitive enhancement and the public interest / Nick Bostrom and Rebecca Roache -- Part III. Mood enhancement. Scientific, ethical, and social issues in mood enhancement / Ron Berghmans [and others] -- Reasons to feel, reasons to take pills / Guy Kahane -- What's in a name? ADHD and the gray area between treatment and enhancement / Maartje Schermer and Ineke Bolt -- What is good and bad in mood enhancement? / Rein Vos -- Asperger's syndrome, bipolar disorder and the relation between mood, cognition, and well-being / Laurens Landeweerd -- Is mood enhancement a legitimate goal of medicine? / Bengt Brülde -- Cognitive therapy and positive psychology combined : a promising approach to the enhancement of happiness / Tony Hope -- After Prozac / S. Matthew Liao and Rebecca Roache.

Part IV. Physical enhancement. Physical enhancement / Hidde J. Haisma -- Physical enhancement : the state of the art / Andy Miah -- Enhanced bodies / Claudio Tamburrini and Torbjörn Tännsjö -- Physical enhancement : what baseline, whose judgment? / Søren Holm and Mike McNamee -- Le Tour and failure of zero tolerance : time to relax doping controls / Julian Savulescu and Bennett Foddy -- Enhancing skill / Bennett Foddy -- Can a ban on doping in sport by morally justified? / Sigmund Loland -- Part V. Lifespan extension. Looking for the fountain of youth : scientific, ethical, and social issues in the extension of human lifespan / Gaia Barazzetti -- Is living longer living better? / Larry Temkin -- Life extension versus replacement / Gustaf Arrhenius -- Lifespan extension : metaphysical basis and ethical outcomes / Christine Overall -- Life extension and personal identity / Gaia Barazzetti and Massimo Reichlin -- Intergenerational justice and lifespan extension / Roberto Mordacci -- The value of life extension to persons as conatively driven processes / Steven Horrobin -- Enhancing human aging : the cultural and psychosocial context of lifespan extension / John Bond -- Policy-making for a new generation of interventions in age-related disease and decline / Kenneth Howse -- Part VI. Moral enhancement. Moral enhancement / Thomas Douglas -- Unfit for the future? Human nature, scientific progress, and the need for moral enhancement / Ingmar Persson and Julian Savulescu -- Part VII. General policy. Of nails and hammers : human biological enhancement and U.S. policy tools / Henry T. Greely -- The politics of human enhancement and the European Union / Christopher Coenen, Mirjam Schuijff, and Martijntje Smits.

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