4.7 Complications of orthodontic treatment.

Cover; Title page; Copyright page; Contents; List of authors; Foreword; Preface; 1: Psychological considerations for the orthognathic patient; 1.1 Psychological issues associated with facial appearance; 1.2 Psychological assessment; 1.2.1 Patient perception of the presenting clinical problem; 1.2.2 Patient expectation of treatment; 1.2.3 Patient motivation for treatment; 1.2.4 Patient's psychological status; 1.2.5 Outcome from psychological assessment; 1.3 Advice on management of patients following assessment; 1.4 Red flag and amber flag patients; 1.4.1 Red flags; 1.4.2 Amber flags.

1.5 Psychological therapeutic input to patients during treatment1.5.1 Pre-surgical orthodontics; 1.5.2 Surgical planning stage -- patient preparation for surgery; 1.5.3 Psychological input following surgery; 1.6 Conclusion; 1.7 References; 2: Dentofacial assessment; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 General assessment; 2.2.1 Patient's concerns; 2.2.2 Medical, dental and social history; 2.2.3 History of dentofacial dysmorphology; 2.2.4 Stature and body form; 2.3 Facial assessment; 2.3.1 Lateral view; 2.3.2 Frontal view; 2.3.3 Bird's eye view; 2.3.4 Worm's eye view; 2.4 Intra-oral assessment.

2.4.1 Dental arches2.4.2 Teeth in occlusion; 2.4.3 Soft tissues; 2.5 Diagnostic records; 2.5.1 Protocol for collection of basic records; 2.5.2 Role of diagnostic records; 2.6 Cephalometrics for orthognathic patients; 2.6.1 Gross inspection; 2.6.2 Qualitative analysis; 2.6.3 Quantitative analysis; 2.6.4 Superimposition; 2.7 Special investigations; 2.7.1 Condylar hyperplasia; 2.7.2 Acromegaly; 2.8 Summary; 2.9 Recommended further reading; 3: The treatment planning process; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Three fundamental planning steps; 3.2.1 Envisaging the desired aesthetic changes.

3.2.2 Deciding on the required jaw movements3.2.3 Planning orthodontics to allow the required jaw movements; 3.3 Four keys to dento-skeletal planning; 3.3.1 Upper incisor and maxillary position; 3.3.2 Occlusion and mandibular position; 3.3.3 Maxillo-mandibular complex rotation; 3.3.4 Chin position; 3.4 Final surgical planning; 3.4.1 Final planning steps; 3.4.2 Photo-cephalometric prediction; 3.4.3 Model surgery; 3.5 Summary (Figure 3.8); 3.6 Recommended further reading; 4: The role of orthodontics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Pre-surgical orthodontics; 4.2.1 Factors affecting incisor decompensation.

4.2.2 Control of incisor decompensation4.2.3 Vertical tooth movements; 4.2.4 Transverse tooth movements; 4.2.5 Orthodontic preparation for segmental surgery; 4.2.6 Progress monitoring; 4.3 Peri-operative orthodontics; 4.3.1 Fixed appliance preparation for surgery; 4.3.2 Inter-maxillary fixation; 4.3.3 The occlusal wafer; 4.3.4 Orthodontic procedures in theatre; 4.4 Post-surgical orthodontics; 4.4.1 Post-surgical healing phase; 4.4.2 Post-surgical tooth movement; 4.4.3 Retention; 4.5 Surgery before orthodontics; 4.5.1 Advantages; 4.5.2 Disadvantages; 4.6 Surgery without orthodontics.

This handbook provides a short, contemporary text on the management of dentofacial deformities. The importance of a well organised, inter-disciplinary approach is emphasised throughout and the following key areas are presented: A detailed account of the role of the psychologist, from initial assessment through to post-operative support. A systematic approach to dentofacial assessment, including a section on diagnostic records and an overview of cephalometry. A logical step-by-step approach to treatment planning, emphasising the interactive thought process required.

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