Essential Pharmacokinetics: A Primer for Pharmaceutical Scientists is an introduction to the concepts of pharmacokinetics intended for graduate students and new researchers working in the pharmaceutical sciences. This book describes the mathematics used in the mammillary model as well as the application of pharmacokinetics to pharmaceutical product development, and is useful as both a self-study and classroom resource. Content coverage includes detailed discussions of common models and important pharmacokinetic concepts such as biological half-life, clearance, excretion, multiple dosage regimens and more. Numerous equations, practical examples and figures are incorporated to clearly illustrate the theoretical background of pharmacokinetic behavior of drugs and excipients.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Print version record.

Front Cover; Essential Pharmacokinetics; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Some Basic Concepts; 1.2 Pharmacokinetic Models; 1.3 Population Pharmacokinetics; References; 2 Basic Concepts of Pharmacokinetics; 2.1 One-Compartment Open Model; 2.1.1 IV Bolus Injection; 2.1.2 IV Infusion; 2.2 Two-Compartment Open Model; 2.2.1 IV Bolus Injection; 2.2.2 IV Infusion; 2.3 Three-Compartment Open Model; 2.4 Pharmacokinetics of Drug Absorption; 2.4.1 One-Compartment Open Model with Zero-Order Drug Absorption; 2.4.2 One-Compartment Open Model with First-Order Drug Absorption.

2.4.3 One-Compartment Open Model with Urine Sample Collection2.4.4 Two-Compartment Open Model with First-Order Drug Absorption; 2.4.5 Flip-Flop Pharmacokinetics; 2.5 Bioavailability; 2.6 Drug Distribution, Protein Binding, and Clearance; 2.6.1 Protein Binding; 2.6.2 Clearance; 2.7 Multiple-Dose Regimens; 2.7.1 Multiple-Dosage by IV Bolus Injection and One-Compartment Open Model; 2.7.2 Multiple-Dosage by Oral Administration and One-Compartment Open Model; 2.7.3 Loading Dose; 2.8 Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics; 2.8.1 Michaelis-Menten Equation; 2.9 Drug Metabolism.

2.10 Drug Permeation Through Biomembranes and Drug Transporters2.10.1 Biomembranes; 2.10.2 Passive Transport Through Mucosa; References; 3 Physicochemical Properties and Pharmacokinetics; 3.1 Lipinski's Rule of Five; 3.2 The Biopharmaceutics Classification System; 3.3 The Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System; 3.4 Metabolizability, Soft Drugs, and Prodrugs; 3.5 Pharmacokinetics of Excipients; References; 4 Drug Pharmacokinetics After Alternative Routes of Administration; 4.1 Fentanyl Transdermal Patch; 4.2 Estradiol Sublingual Tablets; 4.3 Diazepam Suppositories.

4.4 Midazolam Nasal Spray4.5 Pulmonary Delivery (Inhalation) and Subcutaneous Injection of Insulin; 4.6 Topical Delivery of Dexamethasone to the Eye; References; 5 Pharmacologic Response and Drug Dosage Adjustments; 5.1 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring; 5.2 Dosage Adjustments; 5.3 Pharmacodynamics; 6 The Effect of Food and Excipients on Drug Pharmacokinetics; References; 7 Practice Problems; 7.1; 7.2; 7.3; 7.4; 7.5; 7.6; 7.7; 7.8; 7.9; 7.10; 7.11; 7.12; 7.13; 7.14; 7.15; 7.16; 7.17; References; Appendix I: Answers to Problems in Chapter 7; 7.1; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; 7.2; A; B; C; 7.3; A; B; C; 7.4.

7.57.6; A; B; 7.7; A; B; C; 7.8; A; B; C; 7.9; A; B; C; 7.10; 7.11; 7.12; 7.13; 7.14; 7.15; 7.16; 7.17; Appendix II: Symbols and Abbreviations; Index.